Numerical control machine tool is the abbreviation for digital control machine tool, which is an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. This control system is capable of logically processing programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, and decoding them to enable the machine tool to operate and process parts.

● Compared with ordinary machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics:

● High processing accuracy and stable processing quality;

● Can perform multi coordinate linkage and process complex shaped parts;

● When processing parts, it is generally only necessary to change the CNC program, which can save production preparation time;

● The machine tool itself has high precision and rigidity, and can choose favorable processing quantities, resulting in high productivity (generally 3-5 times that of ordinary machine tools);

● The high degree of automation of machine tools can reduce labor intensity;

● The quality requirements for operators are higher, and the technical requirements for maintenance personnel are higher.

Numerical control machine tools generally consist of the following parts:

● The host, which is the theme of CNC machine tools, includes mechanical components such as the machine body, columns, spindle, and feed mechanism. He is a mechanical component used to complete various cutting processes.

● Numerical control device is the core of numerical control machine tools, including hardware (printed circuit board, CRT display, key box, paper tape reader, etc.) and corresponding software, used to input digital part programs, and complete the storage of input information, data transformation, interpolation operation, and implementation of various control functions.

● The driving device is the driving component of the CNC machine tool actuator, including the spindle driving unit, feed unit, spindle motor, and feed motor. He drives the spindle and feed through an electrical or electro-hydraulic servo system under the control of a numerical control device. When several feed rates are linked, the machining of positioning, straight lines, planar curves, and spatial curves can be completed.

● Auxiliary devices, some necessary supporting components of index controlled machine tools, are used to ensure the operation of CNC machine tools, such as cooling, chip removal, lubrication, lighting, monitoring, etc. It includes hydraulic and pneumatic devices, chip removal devices, exchange workbenches, CNC turntables, and CNC indexing heads, as well as cutting tools and monitoring and detection devices.